Sampling theory dictates that a system can only perfectly reproduce signals at half the sampling frequency (a limit known as the Nyquist Frequency). There's a limit to how much resolution you can capture with any pixel-based sensor. So how bad are these problems and why don't they stop us using it? Resolution
However, it isn't entirely without its drawbacks: It doesn't capture nearly as much color resolution as a camera's pixel count seems to imply, it's especially prone to sampling artifacts and it throws away a lot of light. Most importantly, it does a good job of achieving this color capture while still capturing a good level of spatial resolution.
The Bayer Color Filter Array is a genuinely brilliant piece of design: it's a highly effective way of capturing color information from silicon sensors that can't inherently distinguish color. Image: based on original by Colin M.L Burnett It seems so obvious, once someone else has thought of it, but capturing red, green and blue information as an interspersed, mosaic-style array was breakthrough. It's unlikely Kodak's Bryce Bayer had any idea that, 40 years after patenting a ' Color Imaging Array,' his design would underpin nearly all contemporary photography and live in the pockets of countless millions of people around the world.
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